Public Health You Are What You Eat - 1696 Words

EN 101: English Composition I 14 September 2015 Public Health: You Are What You Eat The food you eat says a lot about your lifestyle. Everything you put into your mouth is affecting you somehow and someway. The affects can be good or bad but you don’t always know which it is. Eating a salad compared to eating a burger and fries will impact your body differently. People of the lower class can’t always afford the more costly salad compared to the cheaper burger. Fast food in the tri-state is one of the most accessible foods to all. Eating the unhealthy food in their surroundings creates an unhealthy society. The transformation from small-diversified farms to expansive industrialized operations has put a negative toll on the public and society. This major transformation has created socioeconomic problems with our food system in the tri-state area. These problems consist an unhealthy society caused by low food security and the polluting of our environment. Factors contributing to these socioeconomic problems include the economic status of the consuming society, the financial barrier between the cost of healthy and unhealthy food, the way industrial farms produce their food, and mass production of unhealthy fast food. One of the major socioeconomic problems in our food system is the low amount of food security. â€Å"The United Nations defines food security as occurring ‘when all people at all times have access to sufficient, safe, nutritious food to maintain a healthy and activeShow MoreRelatedShould Grass Fed Beef?1223 Words   |  5 Pagesconventional grocery stores across America. Whoever, many may be wondering whats the deal with this grass fed beef stuff? Is it worth the extra money? Is it even any healthier? Today I ll give oyu a brief overview of why I believe you should be eating grass fed beef if your going to eat beef. A Brief History of Agricultural in the 21st Century and how it applies to grass fed Beef To understand why grass fed beef is so important, and why you should be eating it, one must first understand very generally historyRead MoreWhat You Eat Is Your Business By Radley Balko And Junking Junk Food By Judith Warner1223 Words   |  5 PagesWhether or not a person wants a burger and french-fries’ or a salad from the salad bar, the decision should be up to him/her. Two articles share views on food, â€Å"What You Eat Is Your Business† by Radley Balko and â€Å"Junking Junk Food† by Judith Warner. These two authors wrote articles about how they felt about food and how it’s related to obesity. 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It is important to make sure and eat fruits and vegetables daily, at least 5 servingsRead MoreThe Extraordinary Science Of Addictive Food925 Words   |  4 Pagesthe food companies should be blamed for the health epidemics or it should be a personal responsibility for consumers. While others discussed how food industries manipulate consumers into buying more of their food. Along the same lines, all the articles mentioned how the health epidemic is increasing and who must be fault for the growth. As well as finding a solution and who should help. Although the articles emphasize how obesity rate has grown, the public seems to blame food companies for manipulatingRead MoreSci 220 Food Intake – 3 Days895 Words   |  4 Pagesof my diet and shows me exactly what it is that I am putting into my body on any given day. In addition, since starting this journal I feel that it is important to be aware of what I am eating and I plan to continue to use this journal in the future. Not only does the journal allow me to record my daily diet but it also shows me the recommended daily values for each of the food groups, minerals, and vitamins based on my age, height, and body weight. Understanding what is being put into my body is essentialRead MoreFood Warning Labels1561 Words   |  7 PagesWarning Labels Sergio Mansilla Devry University People know what are they exactly they are eating? No because there is no warning labels in the food packages. Same may oppose my position. To argue that warning labels are necessary for fast food. It would cause consumers to think twice before they decide to eat fast food. However, my research has says warning labels should be on food and help people understands what they are eating. â€Å"Americans continue to face many challenges as they debaterRead MoreWhat You Eat Is Your Business894 Words   |  4 Pagesconsumers. 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My beliefs Essay Example For Students

My beliefs Essay The idea of putting another human being to death is hard to completelyimagine. I think the emotions involved in carrying out a death sentence on anotherperson, regardless of how much they deserve it, is beyong my own understanding. I know it must be painful and sickening. However, this act is sometimes necessaryand it is our responsability as a society to see that it is done. There are manyreasons why I am in favor of the death penalty. It prevents the murderer from evermurdering again, it removes the burden from taxpayers, it is an efficient way tolower crime in this country, and it is also a good punishment because people inI feel strongly toward using the death penalty as punishment forunspeakable crimes. I feel that it is an obstacle for criminal activity because of itsseverity and it will never allow a murderer to kill again and destroy anotherfamily. I do, however, feel that restrictions should be put on its uses. Not allcrimes deserve the death penalty. Let the punishment fit the crime. If a criminalperforms an intentional cruel murder he should be put to death. It is that simple. If the convicted offender shows no remorse for his actions, then the decisionshould be even easier. Repeat offenders and people who enjoy killing do notThe death penalty is the only method that completely separates murderersfrom our society. Supporters of the death penalty ask themselves the samequestion, why should I have to pay to support a murderer for the rest of his life?Why not execute them and save our society the cost of their keep? I dont think itis fair for us to pay so they can have all the luxuries they have in prison. Shouldnt they be miserable and have to work for the bare necessities, just like theCrime in todays world has become more gruesome with the times. With thecrimes comes jail, so more jails are being built for the prisoners. More criminalsare being sent to jail and getting the death penalty. Some feel that the deathpenalty is also a gruesome act of murder, but people who commit crimes shouldget what they deserve and if thats the death penalty then they should get it, mostlybecause they are taking up our space, time, and our money. We all live in a society with the same basic rights. We have the right to life,liberty, and the pursuit of happiness with equal opportunities. When someoneintentionally and outregously attacks the basis of our society by murdering anotherhuman being, robbing them of all they are, and all they will ever be, then I thinkthat person can no longer be a part of this society.Bibliography:

Sun Country Airlines Leadership Style

Introduction In modern contemporary business environments, change is inevitable; change is defined as a strategic process that involves transitions that move an organization from its current state to a desired state; the objectives of change vary with situation, however, the main goal of a change process is to improve business processes, products, and strategies.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Sun Country Airlines Leadership Style specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Leaders in a change management system have the mandate of managing the new strategies so that their organizations can integrate and adapt new business model in the minimum period without destructing the normal operations. Scholars are of the opinion that managing change is all about managing old habits of the people; it a people management issue that involves motivating, influencing, and shaping organizational behavior to the desired line. Inve ntion of airline and increased globalization has necessitated the growth of airline companies; the increase number taking different approaches has resulted to an increased competition; to remain competitive, companies in the industry has to keep changing and adjusting their processes (Ashkanasy, 2011). In the United States, being the world largest economy has embarked on massive invention in airline industry; one of the most successful companies in the industry is Sun Country Airlines. The success of the company has been attributed to its effective management styles where leaders’ manager changes in the industry effectively (Sun Country Airlines official cite, 2011). This report is from an interview conducted with Stanley J. Gadek, Sun Countries chief executive officer, it will discuss various issues as undertaken in the company. The history of the Sun Country Airlines Sun Country is one of the youngest airline companies in the United States; it was founded after misfortune a nd failure of Braniff International Airport in 1982. The main shareholders of the company were the pilots who were working in the fallen company and MLT Vacations, which owned 51%; it has its head quarters at Minneapolis-St. Paul suburb of Mendota Heights, Minnesota.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The company concentrates in low cost airline business with its main countries as United States (Domestic), United Kingdom, Mexico, and Caribbean; its main operating port is Minneapolis-Saint Paul International Airport (MSP). The initial approach of the company was small with only one airplane, Air Florida Boeing 727–227, however nine year down the line, it was one of the fastest growing industries in the United States; in 1991, and the company recorded an income of $9.7 million (Sun Country Airlines official cite, 2011). It has among the most current technologicall y developed Boeing 737 Next-Generation airplanes; when in high season, the company leases some planes from other companies. Currently the company’s chief executive officer is Mr. Gadded; the company has not gone this far without some hassles, in 1999, after doubling its operations and increased staffs numbers, it was faced by operation issues resulting from the September 11th United States bombing, the company has to suspend operations (Sun Country Airlines official cite, 2011).. Stanley J. Gadek has been in the airline industry for more than 20 years, he started his career in 1977 with Ernst Young LLP; he served as the Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of AirTran Airways Inc. from 2000 to April 30, 2000, before taking the role of Chief Executive Office of Sun Country Airlines at Petters Group Worldwide. Leadership Style Demonstrated by Stanley J. Gadek Stanley J. Gadek is a charisma leader who adopts a democratic leadership skill, a style where he involves staffs and ot her subordinates in decision-making. Despite the fact that staffs are involved in decision-making, the manager is aware that he holds the responsibility of the decision thus he leads the team to an effective, responsive, and timely decisions. He is leader who led by example and understands that he should be in the forefront guiding their team to the desired destination; he has to develop the strategies and synergies to see Sun Country succeed. The self-drive is not enough, they should be able to motivate their team members to come out and use their energies and powers to the benefit of a company (Jakupec Garrick, 2002).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Sun Country Airlines Leadership Style specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More When comforted by an issue, the manager makes to it that he has diagnosed the condition and situation to ensure that the right decision has been reached; staffs with the experience and profession to come up with the correct decision are involved in the process. Despite the approach, the manager understands that some decision are better made with no consultation; he does so in the right time and the best method. Qualities, characteristics, and skills of Stanley J. Gadek According to Fielder’s and Contingency Model of leadership, no one distinct method of leadership that can apply to all situations; different teams need different leadership approaches, however some common characteristics that team managers should posses, they include: Visionary Tannenbaum and Schmidt’s Leadership continuum model, is of the opinion that leaders have the main role of leading their teams to great heights, they should be seeing the future and have the strategies to move there. Stanley J. Gadek has the main role of being the business strategic and devises the pathway that the airline will follow. This theory embraces contingency, which argues that behavior of leaders varie s along continuum, the behavior should be seen to evolve for the good of the company. It states that participatory and involvement in decision making of an individual increase as one deviates from autocratic extremes. Four leaderships styles attributed to this model includes autocratic, consultative, persuasive and democratic; whichever the style that a leader adopts, it should be seen to be developing and adding value to the company. To make the visions right, and come up with the right decision, Stanley J. Gadek involves his team members in the decision making process; this assists in building effective teams and managing of situations. For example in the September 11 2001 bombing, the company was at the risk of losing business, however, with the involvement of staffs, the company was able to come out clean (Xiao-Ping, 2011). Decisiveness Stanley J. Gadek makes effective decisions when needed; the decision are timely and respond to the need at hand; Leaders should have the motivat ion and capacity to add value to their company; they should be willing to go the extra mile for the benefit of the company.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More When operating in a team, managers should be vibrant and willing to look for better ways in handing issues; they should aim at adding value to their organization as well as maintain a high record of events. The success of Sun Country is based on the quality of decisions made by its management and the involvement of ream players. Effective leaders use most of their time communicating; communicating does not mean giving instructions or orders , but means a person who is able to involve his peers and team members in making sound decisions. He accepts inputs of his juniors but is willing to take full responsibility of a decision. Good Interpersonal skills An effective leader should be able to create a good environment in amongst members of his team; he is expected to create an environment that allows sharing of information, the bossy attitude should not be created so as team members can be able to approach him effectively. Team members may have some personal issues that might affect the performance of the team; a team leader should be empathetic with them and never be sympathetic. This will assist in assist in making decisions among the team and creating a favorable working environment; Stanley J. Gadek interacts feely with his juniors and seniors to make sure they jointly work for the good of the company. There are different areas that are changing in the airline industry; Stanley J. Gadek acts as the change agent in the company; to translate effectively his company top its desired level, he has to coach his subordinates and affect knowledge on them. Teams’ skills and professionalism can only be boosted if the team leader can be able to coach his team members on areas that need to be improved. Coaching takes the form of daily guidance, training and mentoring when need be; leaders should have the skills and the approach to coach his team members. In times of change, a leader who coaches his people on different areas always have an easy time moving his team from one level to another. Coach and Team player An orchestrate team can only be developed by leaders who have excellence team building skill; the major difference between effective and effective leaders is the way they teams; an effective leader has the role of developing a team from a group. An effective leader has the role of combining the different talents, strengths and weakness for the benefits of the company. Motivational and empowerment strategies adopted at Sun Country Sun Country’s Airline human capital can broadly be divided into flying crew and administration; the management has the role of ensuring that all the members are highly motivated and dedicated to carry out their roles effectiveness. Gadek as the chief executive officer has the role of creating favorable environment to the company that will enable motivation among the team members. Human resources management department has the role of ensuring their teams are highly motivated through human resources poli cies and other policies within the organization. The company is divided into departments and sections; every section is seen as a team; in-group management, effective leaders adopt the spirit of delegation, delegation can be redefined as a strategic approach of diving role and empowering subordinates to do certain tasks that were done by those higher in the authority. The spirit of delegation is highly advocated for the company as one for of improving the performance of human resources and as a way of growing leaders and facilitating innovation in the company. When tasks have been delegated, human resources feel that there is higher confidence and trust that the company has on him and he gets highly motivated. Within Sun country teams, team leaders need to develop the talents, skills and grow the leadership skills within the group, the most effective way of growing team members and ensuring that they are highly motivated is through strategic delegations. For example, in the flying c rew, the leader of the team per every fright has the role of ensuring that any concern raised by employees has been addressed; they also delegate their supervision tasks to some other members of the crew. Gadek himself when off duty or on a place far from his office, he delegates power and gives the assistance the much needed support for effective business. When members are given a major role to play, they feel appreciated and they get motivated, it also grows the spirit of teamwork. When it comes to empowerments, it follows the same approach with delegation however, empowerment is more concerned about making decisions which the team member could not have made initially; note than in delegation, the team leader is still responsible of the outcome of the delegated role since he has offered directions to be followed. In empowerment, the staff empowered is given the full control of a project and is held accountable of the outcomes. Another approach that the company uses to motivate its team members is through mentorship, training and coaching; every manager has the role of shaping his staffs focus and improving their skills. In day-to-day operations, it is the role of the manager to nurture talents and grow leadership in an organization. The leaders understand that aspiring leaders should look for situations that they work under the guidance of a successful leader, at work places, supervisors and leaders have the role of mentoring their team members as a way of developing them. Mentoring differs with coaching in that it is seen as a continuous process that takes place daily in working environment. Counseling on the other hand is offering warnings and trying to solve some personal issues, beliefs and cultures that might hinder the development of a leader in an aspiring leader. To attract and maintain high caber staffs, Sun Country ensures that it has an effective wage and compensation policy; they have their salaries above the average salary rate. Other than respe cting international and national labor laws, the company has its own internal wages and compensation policy that allows for monetary and non-monetary compensations. Wages have emotional and psychological effects on employees, they communicate on the value that an employee have in the company as well as the willingness of the employer to retain his employees. The company’s wages are linked to the performance of employee; when wages are linked to performance, employees will be willing to go out of their way to better their performance in anticipation of higher returns. When employees are aware that their employer will reward their efforts, they get motivated to work harder in anticipation of high returns. High compensation for efforts made creates a system of mutual benefit where the employee gains on one side and the employer benefits from the other. Wages and compensation in the company takes the form of salaries, promotions, medical covers, insurance, and pension limited to the pensionable employees), education policies, team buildings, and paid leaves. The role of leaders (Stanley J. Gadek) in managing change Managers are important players in the change process in their organizations; they have the vision for the desired destination of their company, managers stand a better position to understand the past, present and the future thus when they are managing change, they do it from the informed angle. Managers are change agents in their departments and thus entrusted with the responsibility of managing change in a way that their employees can easily cope. The managers are the facilitators of change and must enable change in their respective departments. Sun Country has undergone through a number of changes, they are mostly strategy changes that needed to be handled with utmost care, for example in 1986, the company had to change its model and adopt first wide-body aircraft, a 380-seat DC-10-40, to assist it in improving its businesses. One time that the management of Stanley J. Gadek was put to test was in 2001 and 2002; it was the time that Northwest Airlines had accelerated its operations offering the company high competition, this was coupled with September 11 United States terror attacks; during 2001 summer, Sun Country was bleeding of financial help. It had also 737-8Q8 N800SY, N802SY, N803SY and a 737-7Q8, N710SY model of planes in the time. In time of change, transformational leadership model is of great importance, the leader must be seen as the changing agent and works to develop an effective change strategy. The transformation can only be attained when there is emotional intelligence and good cohesion within the team; the way teams adopt to change can be interpolated as a behavior that they have to adopt, it of great importance to have an effective change process, since change is inevitable. As change agents, the managers play the following roles in implementing change. The following are the roles that Gadek has played i n managing change: For an effective change, employees must support the change implemented; managers have the role of managing change in resistance in the organization, leaders play the role of a detective. As detectives, managers play the role of digging deep into the dynamics of employees’ behaviors to find clues to planned efforts to prevent change and thus determine appropriate measures for removing the obstacles; they aim at offering an atmosphere that allows an effective change. Leaders understand the direction and the organization needs to follow; for example in the wake of global financial crisis, they have to make changes that reduce the effects of the crisis to their businesses, they act as advocators of change. Managers are the vehicles of change in their departments. As an advocate of change, the manager plays the role of campaigning for change in his department and mobilizing employees to participate in the change process. Change can be to improve the current cond itions, take a complete strategy or adopt a different way of doing things. Change management is a process where the management learns, understand and critically think about alterations they are supposed to make in an organization. However, for an effective change process, change should not be imposed to employees but they should be involved in the change system. When undertaking a change, the employees are the immediate people who will be affected and thus they need to be engaged from the earliest stage. In transitional period the leaders is the one who guides subordinates to the desired path. They jointly make rules and policies to be followed in attaining the goals. The role of the leader in this case is to oversee the performance of the roles of subordinates and giving guidance in various areas. They should use the power they have to have pioneer change and motivate people to adopt change effectively (Wynbrandt, 2004). Strategies the leader used to address resistance to change an d implement rapid change. When implementing a change, one of the strongest hindrances to its fast and quick implementation is employee’s resistance. Resistance has been faced at Sun Country as the manager tend to implement new policies and approaches to the business; when an Sun Country is implementing a change, the most important feature that Stanley J. Gadek ensures is that there is effective change communication strategy. When a change is to be implemented, the Stanley J. Gadek himself communicates the change down the power structure and incase there is a need to call for staffs meeting, he does not hesitate to. In this communications, he ensures that staffs are free to air their views and give their input to the issue at hand. One most interesting aspect of change communication is that it appears across the entire process and pegged on communication within an organization. An effective communication in an organization means that issues and progress of the business are dis cussed in a way that the target group gets the intended message. In the case of a management that does not maintain good relations that facilitate communication, then when change comers will be seen as a move by the management to make things happen At Sun Country, communication is the system through which management and the teams transfer information; it also covers how employees communicate with each other. It is the company’s policy that change should be gradual and should not be affected before all the employees to be affected by the change fully understand and discuss the policy. One of the strongest pillars of this approach to change resistance is the flexibility and facilitated input by staffs, sometimes manager may be seeing things from a different plat from since they are not on the ground: when they involve staffs, their plans are enriched and change made better. When making changes that involve services Stanley J. Gadek ensures that he gets the inputs of his flying crew since they stand a better chance to understand what the operation are like and how they should be improved (Thompson, Strickland Gamble, 2010). When there is no effective communication, people are not being willing to come from their status quo and adopt the change but they will be willing to fight the change. Resistance to change when there is no communication is even higher when groups in the organization join hands together to repel the change. There will be no one who really understands the need for the change since they are a distance with the management. For example incase an organization want to establish a computer network in its flying operations, the employees may feel they the change is coming to replace them. They are likely to refuse change. The approach of change resistance management has been effective at Sun Country, the company has been able to move from a single plane company to multibillion companies, and on the other hand, the company was able to become pro fitable after the 2011 disaster after the changes implemented by the managers were managed effectively. Services of the company has continued been gauged among the top ten because of acceptance of the changes adopted in the section (Parker, 2009). Literature Review; the management approach by Stanley J. Gadek Literature agrees that no single management style can dominate an entire organization and make it outstanding; however, for an outstanding performance, a combination of leadership styles is needed. The most dominant style as adopted by Stanley J. Gadek is the democratic leadership approach. Sun country employs a democratic leadership style; the style is favored by organizational culture. The company has a freelance leadership style that encourages each person to contribute to decision making. When making a certain decision on a touching a certain department, Stanley J. Gadek calls for managers meetings where the head of the department comes and discusses the issue at hand. He r espects that they are better situated to understand the situation thus consulting them is paramount. For example in the wake of low cost planes, the manager has to consult the flying crew if they thought continuing to offer snacks and food bites in the planes was good for the company; they accepted (Margerison, 2002). In a democratic organization, leaders and employees interact freely. Employee’s views are considered in making managerial decisions however, there are decisions that are left to the management entirely an example of decision left to the management is on the strategic alliance that the company will engage in. To bring an issue up the management, the company has a well-set structure for this effect where junior employees give their views to line managers who are then responsible of escalating the problem if they cannot solve it at their level. Targets that employees are expected to meet are set by the management but their attainability is considered. The style of management follows a Hersey-Blanchard Model of leadership; it situational perspective of leadership where it argues that development of a leader is dependent of subordinates and therefore playas every important role in determining which leadership style. Under the model, managers can only be effective if they have their subordinates at heart and consult them when needed. It is based on task and relationship behavior and it therefore depends on the maturity of the followers. Three conditions that define best the situation are task behavior, relationship behavior and maturity of the followers. The model results in to four leadership styles as stated by Blanchard, which Include directing, coaching, supporting and delegating. In a democratic leadership style, manager’s delegate powers, empowers and nurtures their employees to become better managers in the future. The main strength that improves the human capital motivation is involvement and delegation of power (Black, 2003). How democratic leadership skill is seen at Sun Country When Stanley J. Gadek is communicating with his subordinates, they are free to share jokes and they freely consult each other. They work as a team and team spirit can be seen all along their operations. When there is a need, a meeting is conducted where they seek the way forward; as an organizational culture, employees believe that everything happening to the organization happens for their benefit thus they engage and participate in decision making actively. The value of democratic leadership can be seen when flying crews are planning their day out, they always have a meeting before they take off where they discuss an issue or two pertaining the journey ahead. The crew leader is seen as the chairperson of the briefing while other players are asked to participate in the decision-making. This attribute has been borrowed from Stanley J. Gadek. In board meeting, the Stanley J. Gadek acts as the secretary and has the task of initiating communication and information sharing pertaining the issue at hand (Ricky, 2004) Conclusion The success that Sun Country has attained in the fast competitive airline industry can be attributed to its effective management team led by Stanley J. Gadek; he is the strategist of the company. He has been able to create a winning organizational culture that responds fast and positively to change. Change in the airline industry is brought about by globalization, competition, customer behavior changes, and industrial changes. To manage resistance to change, Sun Country Airlines adopts a change communication strategy, assisted with the leadership style adopted by the management; employees have always entertained change. They see change as an improvement of current business situation for their gain. Stanley J. Gadek has managed to develop a freelance organizational culture where managers and employees interact freely; the culture supports staffs involvement in decision-making. Before making a strategic decision that is likely to affect the organization, leaders at different levels are expected to communicate the strategy to their subordinates and entrain any reaction from them; the approach has facilitated gradual growth in the company. References Ashkanasy, M. (2011). Leadership. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 33(3),1099-1379. Black, R.(2003). Organisational Culture: Creating the Influence Needed for Strategic Success. Boston: Boston Universal publishers. Jakupec, V., Garrick, J. (2002). Flexible learning, human resource and organizational development: Putting theory to work. London: Rutledge. Marge Rison, C. (2002). Team leadership. Gale: Engage Learning. Parker, G. (2009).Team Leadership: 20 Proven Tools for Success. New Jersey: Human Resource Development Press. Ricky W. (2004). Fundamentals of Management. New York: Cengage Publishing Company. Sun Country Airlines official cite.(2011). Sun Country Airlines. Web. Thompson, A.., Strickland, A.J., Gamble, J.E. (20 10). Crafting and executing strategy: The quest for competitive advantage: Concepts and cases: 2009 custom edition (17th Ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill-Irwin. Wynbrandt, J. (2004). Flying High. New York: John Wiley Sons Inc. Xiao-Ping, C. (2011). Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 115 (1), 1-144. This research paper on Sun Country Airlines Leadership Style was written and submitted by user Shane Winters to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Parataxis and Hypotaxis

Parataxis and Hypotaxis Parataxis and Hypotaxis Parataxis and Hypotaxis By Maeve Maddox When a reader asked me to write about â€Å"the terms parataxis and hypotaxis and how they relate to Beowulf,† I had to laugh. Don’t get me wrong. I’m quite a fan of Beowulf. Wearing my academic hat, I’ve written more than one essay about this treasure of English literature, but somehow it doesn’t strike me as a suitable topic for the DWT audience. I was pleased by the request, but put it away at the bottom of my idea file. Now, however, I’m ready to write about parataxis and hypotaxisnot as they relate to Beowulf, but as they relate to non-academic writing. parataxis: the placing of clauses one after another, without connecting words (conjunctions) to show the relation between them. Dickens employs parataxis in his opening to A Tale of Two Cities: It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkness, it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair, we had everything before us, we had nothing before us, we were all going direct to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way Hypotaxis, on the other hand, refers to the use of coordinating or subordinating conjunctions to indicate the relation between clauses. Here’s a passage from Beatrix Potter’s The Tale of Peter Rabbit that illustrates hypotaxis: After losing [his shoes], he ran on four legs and went faster, so that I think he might have got away altogether if he had not unfortunately run into a gooseberry net, and got caught by the large buttons on his jacket. Parataxis is common in conversation, as illustrated in this passage written by an author noted for his ability to capture contemporary speech: Actually, Chris said, you get right down to it, Phylliss the one does all the talking. She gives me banking facts about different kinds of annuities, fiduciary trusts, institutional liquid asset fundsIm sitting here trying to stay awake, shes telling me about the exciting world of trust funds. –Elmore Leonard, Freaky Deaky. Hemingway’s narrative style was so paratactic as to sound babyish: Manuel drank his brandy. He felt sleepy himself. It was too hot to go out into the town. Besides there was nothing to do. He wanted to see Zurito. He would go to sleep while he waited. Hemingway got away with it, but a college freshman or a business executive who wrote like that would not be regarded as much of a communicator. Clear writing demands connecting words like if, because, and so. As for a discussion of parataxis and hypotaxis in Beowulf, I’ll leave that to the scholars who love to argue about such things. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Fiction Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Redundant Phrases to Avoid44 Resume Writing TipsHow to Send Tactful Emails from a Technical Support Desk

Strategic Management of Walmart Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Strategic Management of Walmart - Case Study Example The company has its operations in multiple countries including Mexico, UK, Japan, Argentina, Germany, South Korea, China, Canada and Puerto Rico. However in order to operate in international markets the company has changed its name for some of the international markets. As a result company operates as ASDA in UK, Seiyu in Japan and Walmex in Mexico. The case of the Wal-Mart Stores Inc is cited often for the CRM technology that they have in place for managing customer relations, the innovative JIT based zero inventory management system they have for their stock management and the business model of the company which allows it to benefit from economies of scale while keeping its costs to a minimum resulting in the provision of a large variety of products under one roof to its customers at the lowest prices in the market. The political environment for the Wal-Mart Stores Inc in the United States is relatively stable as compared to its other regions of operations. However the company has significantly contributed to the political environment as well by providing a practice of standardization in the retail industry with fair packaging and labelling as early as 1970. Aside from this the regularised retail industry through bills from the political front enable the company to operate in a relatively easy market. The economic environment for the company has been very volatile. The company itself has contributed in a large way to the GDP of the United States through successful and profitable business and growth in the part years. However the recent financial crisis has effected the Wal-Mart Stores Inc forcing it to reduce its expenses, shut down its below average profit bearing operations and to lay of workers in the United States as well as in the International market to sustain itself through the current economic crisis. However this effect has not been focused on Wal-Mart alone all business and companies operating in the retail sector have been effected similarly by the volatile economic environment. The social environment for the company takes the form of a diverse customer base as well as human right groups and consumer action groups that directly effects the operations of the company. The company has often been criticized for its practices of leveraging male employees over the female employees in the company. Human right activities and feminist consumer action groups have filed lawsuits as well as launched protests against the company in this regard forcing the company to change its management practices to avoid any preferential treatment for the male employees or the practice of an established glass ceiling for female employees. Aside from this the company itself has been providing support to the communities' specific to its regions of operations by providing technological, service based as well as infrastructural development support and by providing a large number of jobs to decrease the unemployment rate in the region of its operations. The technological environment that surrounds the operations

Ethnography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ethnography - Essay Example The Bible study groups set their main biblical topic to be studied during these study times. The major purpose of Bible study is to collectively grasp an understanding of God’s word, even though there is some existence some form of worship and prayer. There exists a traditional belief that mothers ought to stay at home at home and look after their children. The Bible, for example in Titus 2: 4-6 and Timothy 5:14, focuses on the role of women role as ‘house keepers’, who ought to bear children and raise them in a manner that the Lord wants. In Proverbs 31: 28-31 women generally are given praise for the successful raising of children and home. In that respect, women have biblical roles that can be enhanced through bible study groups to be well behaved and more righteous. This has led to the formation of cell groups that mainly comprises of women either married or single. Therefore, even cultures degrade, distort and debase women, the Bible exalts them. The women have numerous challenges which they need to address as women alone. It was observed that the cell groups which comprised of both single and married women commences by taking off their shoes, greeting each other, having refreshments, taking of the prayer request, an opening prayer, getting of the bible study session, and finally it ends in prayer again The interviewees reported that Bible study brings unity for women who are not used to fellowshipping with each other. They also reported that they meet at Theresa Burns house so women can feel more comfortable being in a home setting verse in a church, so they are not discriminating against any faith. Outside the group, some of these women are coworkers. Others attend the same church thus fellowshipping together fellowship together. They also reported that their group was non-denominational group. The cell group consists of all kinds of women. The Bible study is led by Theresa Burns because she is regarded as a mediator, although they are no

Creative Writing Essay Example for Free

Creative Writing Essay Specific poetic forms have been developed by many cultures. In more developed, closed or received poetic forms, the rhyming scheme, meter and other elements of a poem are based on sets of rules, ranging from the relatively loose rules that govern the construction of an elegy to the highly formalized structure of the ghazal or villanelle. Described below are some common forms of poetry widely used across a number of languages. Additional forms of poetry may be found in the discussions of poetry of particular cultures or periods and in the glossary. Sonnet Among the most common forms of poetry through the ages is the sonnet, which by the 13th century was a poem of fourteen lines following a set rhyme scheme and logical structure. By the 14th century, the form further crystallized under the pen of Petrarch, whose sonnets were later translated in the 16th century by Sir Thomas Wyatt, who is credited with introducing the sonnet form into English literature. A sonnets first four lines typically introduce the topic. A sonnet usually follows an a-b-a-b rhyme pattern. The sonnets conventions have changed over its history, and so there are several different sonnet forms. Traditionally, in sonnets English poets use iambic pentameter, the Spenserian and Shakespearean sonnets being especially notable. In the Romance languages, the hendecasyllable and Alexandrine are the most widely used meters, though the Petrarchan sonnet has been used in Italy since the 14th century. Sonnets are particularly associated with love poetry, and often use a poetic diction heavily based on vivid imagery, but the twists and turns associated with the move from octave to sestet and to final couplet make them a useful and dynamic form for many subjects.] Shakespeares sonnets are among the most famous in English poetry, with 20 being included in the Oxford Book of English Verse. Shi (poetry) Shi (traditional Chinese: è © ©; simplified Chinese: è ¯â€"; pinyin: shÄ «; Wade-Giles: shih) Is the main type of Classical Chinese poetry.Within this form of poetry the most important variations are folk song styled verse (yuefu), old style verse (gushi), modern style verse (jintishi). In all cases, rhyming is obligatory. The Yuefu is a folk ballad or a poem written in the folk ballad style, and the number of lines and the length of the lines could be irregular. For the other variations of shi poetry, generally either a four line (quatrain, or jueju) or else an eight line poem is normal; either way with the even numbered lines rhyming. The line length is scanned by according number of characters (according to the convention that one character equals one syllable), and are predominantly either five or seven characters long, with a caesura before the final three syllables. The lines are generally end-stopped, considered as a series of couplets, and exhibit verbal parallelism as a key poetic device. ]The old style verse (gushi) is less formally strict than the jintishi, or regulated verse, which, despite the name new style verse actually had its theoretical basis laid as far back to Shen Yue, in the 5th or 6th century, although not considered to have reached its full development until the time of Chen Ziang (661-702) A good example of a poet known for his gushi poems is Li Bai. Among its other rules, the jintishi rules regulate the tonal variations within a poem, including the use of set patterns of the four tones of Middle Chinese The basic form of jintishi (lushi) has eight lines in four couplets, with parallelism between the lines in the second and third couplets. The couplets with parallel lines contain contrasting content but an identical grammatical relationship between words. Jintishi often have a rich poetic diction, full of allusion, and can have a wide range of subject, including history and politics. One of the masters of the form was Du Fu, who wrote during the Tang Dynasty (8th century). Villanelle The villanelle is a nineteen-line poem made up of five triplets with a closing quatrain; the poem is characterized by having two refrains, initially used in the first and third lines of the first stanza, and then alternately used at the close of each subsequent stanza until the final quatrain, which is concluded by the two refrains. The remaining lines of the poem have an a-b alternating rhyme.The villanelle has been used regularly in the English language since the late 19th century by such poets as Dylan Thomas, W. H. Auden,and Elizabeth Bishop. Tanka Tanka is a form of unrhymed Japanese poetry, with five sections totalling 31 onji (phonological units identical to morae), structured in a 5-7-5 7–7 pattern.There is generally a shift in tone and subject matter between the upper 5-7-5 phrase and the lower 7-7 phrase. Tanka were written as early as the Nara period by such poets as Kakinomoto no Hitomaro, at a time when Japan was emerging from a period where much of its poetry followed Chinese form. Tanka was originally the shorter form of Japanese formal poetry, and was used more heavily to explore personal rather than public themes. By the 13th century, tanka had become the dominant form of Japanese poetry, and it is still widely written today. Haiku Haiku is a popular form of unrhymed Japanese poetry, which evolved in the 17th century from the hokku, or opening verse of a renku. Generally written in a single vertical line, the haiku contains three sections totalling 17 onji, structured in a 5-7-5 pattern. Traditionally, haiku contain a kireji, or cutting word, usually placed at the end of one of the poems three sections, and a kigo, or season-word. The most famous exponent of the haiku was Matsuo BashÃ…  (1644–1694). An example of his writing: Ã¥ ¯Å'Ã¥ £ «Ã£  ®Ã© ¢ ¨Ã£â€šâ€žÃ¦â€°â€¡Ã£  «Ã£  ®Ã£ â€ºÃ£  ¦Ã¦ ±Å¸Ã¦Ë† ¸Ã¥Å"Ÿç” £ fuji no kaze ya oogi ni nosete Edo miyage the wind of Mt. Fuji Ive brought on my fan! a gift from Edo Ode Odes were first developed by poets writing in ancient Greek, such as Pindar, and Latin, such as Horace. Forms of odes appear in many of the cultures that were influenced by the Greeks and Latins.The ode generally has three parts: a strophe, an antistrophe, and an epode. The antistrophes of the ode possess similar metrical structures and, depending on the tradition, similar rhyme structures. In contrast, the epode is written with a different scheme and structure. Odes have a formal poetic diction, and generally deal with a serious subject. The strophe and antistrophe look at the subject from different, often conflicting, perspectives, with the epode moving to a higher level to either view or resolve the underlying issues. Odes are often intended to be recited or sung by two choruses (or individuals), with the first reciting the strophe, the second the antistrophe, and both together the epode.Over time, differing forms for odes have developed with considerable variations in form and structure, but generally showing the original influence of the Pindaric or Horatian ode. One non-Western form which resembles the ode is the qasida in Persian poetry. Ghazal The ghazal (also ghazel, gazel, gazal, or gozol) is a form of poetry common in Arabic, Persian, Turkish, Azerbaijani, Urdu and Bengali poetry. In classic form, the ghazal has from five to fifteen rhyming couplets that share a refrain at the end of the second line. This refrain may be of one or several syllables, and is preceded by a rhyme. Each line has an identical meter. The ghazal often reflects on a theme of unattainable love or divinity. As with other forms with a long history in many languages, many variations have been developed, including forms with a quasi-musical poetic diction in Urdu. Ghazals have a classical affinity with Sufism, and a number of major Sufi religious works are written in ghazal form. The relatively steady meter and the use of the refrain produce an incantatory effect, which complements Sufi mystical themes well. Among the masters of the form is Rumi, a 13th-century Persian poet who lived in Konya, in present-day Turkey. Genres In addition to specific forms of poems, poetry is often thought of in terms of different genres and subgenres. A poetic genre is generally a tradition or classification of poetry based on the subject matter, style, or other broader literary characteristics. Some commentators view genres as natural forms of literature. Others view the study of genres as the study of how different works relate and refer to other works. Narrative poetry Narrative poetry is a genre of poetry that tells a story. Broadly it subsumes epic poetry, but the term narrative poetry is often reserved for smaller works, generally with more appeal to human interest. Narrative poetry may be the oldest type of poetry. Many scholars of Homer have concluded that his Iliad and Odyssey were composed from compilations of shorter narrative poems that related individual episodes. Much narrative poetry—such as Scottish and English ballads, and Baltic and Slavic heroic poems—is performance poetry with roots in a preliterate oral tradition. It has been speculated that some features that distinguish poetry from prose, such as meter, alliteration and kennings, once served as memory aids for bards who recited traditional tales. Notable narrative poets have included Ovid, Dante, Juan Ruiz, Chaucer, William Langland, Luà ­s de Camà µes, Shakespeare, Alexander Pope, Robert Burns, Fernando de Rojas, Adam Mickiewicz, Alexander Pushkin, Edgar Allan P oe and Alfred Tennyson. Epic poetry Epic poetry is a genre of poetry, and a major form of narrative literature. This genre is often defined as lengthy poems concerning events of a heroic or important nature to the culture of the time. It recounts, in a continuous narrative, the life and works of a heroic or mythological person or group of persons.] Examples of epic poems are Homers Iliad and Odyssey, Virgils Aeneid, the Nibelungenlied, Luà ­s de Camà µes Os Lusà ­adas, the Cantar de Mio Cid, the Epic of Gilgamesh, the Mahabharata, Valmikis Ramayana, Ferdowsis Shahnama, Nizami (or Nezami)s Khamse (Five Books), and the Epic of King Gesar. While the composition of epic poetry, and of long poems generally, became less common in the west after the early 20th century, some notable epics have continued to be written. Derek Walcott won a Nobel prize to a great extent on the basis of his epic, Omeros. Verse drama and dramatic verse, Theatre of ancient Greece, Sanskrit drama, Chinese Opera, and Noh Dramatic poetry is drama written in verse to be spoken or sung, and appears in varying, sometimes related forms in many cultures. Greek tragedy in verse dates to the 6th century B.C., and may have been an influence on the development of Sanskrit drama, just as Indian drama in turn appears to have influenced the development of the bianwen verse dramas in China, forerunners of Chinese Opera.East Asian verse dramas also include Japanese Noh. Examples of dramatic poetry in Persian literature include Nizamis two famous dramatic works, Layla and Majnun and Khosrow and Shirin, Ferdowsis tragedies such as Rostam and Sohrab, Rumis Masnavi, Gorganis tragedy of Vis and Ramin, and Vahshis tragedy of Farhad. Satirical Poetry Poetry can be a powerful vehicle for satire. The Romans had a strong tradition of satirical poetry, often written for political purposes. A notable example is the Roman poet Juvenals satires.[128] The same is true of the English satirical tradition. John Dryden (a Tory), the first Poet Laureate, produced in 1682 Mac Flecknoe, subtitled A Satire on the True Blue Protestant Poet, T.S. (a reference to Thomas Shadwell).Another master of 17th-century English satirical poetry was John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester.Satirical poets outside England include Polands Ignacy Krasicki, Azerbaijans Sabir and Portugals Manuel Maria Barbosa du Bocage. Lyric poetry Lyric poetry is a genre that, unlike epic and dramatic poetry, does not attempt to tell a story but instead is of a more personal nature. Poems in this genre tend to be shorter, melodic, and contemplative. Rather than depicting characters and actions, it portrays the poets own feelings, states of mind, and perceptions.Notable poets in this genre include John Donne, Gerard Manley Hopkins, and Antonio Machado. Elegy An elegy is a mournful, melancholy or plaintive poem, especially a lament for the dead or a funeral song. The term elegy, which originally denoted a type of poetic meter (elegiac meter), commonly describes a poem of mourning. An elegy may also reflect something that seems to the author to be strange or mysterious. The elegy, as a reflection on a death, on a sorrow more generally, or on something mysterious, may be classified as a form of lyric poetry. Notable practitioners of elegiac poetry have included Propertius, Jorge Manrique, Jan Kochanowski, Chidiock Tichborne, Edmund Spenser, Ben Jonson, John Milton, Thomas Gray, Charlotte Turner Smith, William Cullen Bryant, Percy Bysshe Shelley, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Evgeny Baratynsky, Alfred Tennyson, Walt Whitman, Louis Gallet, Antonio Machado, Juan Ramà ³n Jimà ©nez, William Butler Yeats, Rainer Maria Rilke, and Virginia Woolf. Fable The fable is an ancient literary genre, often (though not invariably) set in verse. It is a succinct story that features anthropomorphized animals, plants, inanimate objects, or forces of nature that illustrate a moral lesson (a moral). Verse fables have used a variety of meter and rhyme patterns. Notable verse fabulists have included Aesop, Vishnu Sarma, Phaedrus, Marie de France, Robert Henryson, Biernat of Lublin, Jean de La Fontaine, Ignacy Krasicki, Fà ©lix Marà ­a de Samaniego, Tomà ¡s de Iriarte, Ivan Krylov and Ambrose Bierce. Prose poetry Prose poetry is a hybrid genre that shows attributes of both prose and poetry. It may be indistinguishable from the micro-story (a.k.a. the short short story, flash fiction). While some examples of earlier prose strike modern readers as poetic, prose poetry is commonly regarded as having originated in 19th-century France, where its practitioners included Aloysius Bertrand, Charles Baudelaire, Arthur Rimbaud and Stà ©phane Mallarmà ©.Since the late 1980s especially, prose poetry has gained increasing popularity, with entire journals, such as The Prose Poem: An International Journal,Contemporary Haibun Onlinedevoted to that genre. Speculative poetry Speculative poetry, also known as fantastic poetry, (of which weird or macabre poetry is a major subclassification), is a poetic genre which deals thematically with subjects which are beyond reality, whether via extrapolation as in science fiction or via weird and horrific themes as in horror fiction. Such poetry appears regularly in modern science fiction and horror fiction magazines. Edgar Allan Poe is sometimes seen as the father of speculative poetry.